Hydrocarbons (Alkenes Grade 10 students)

Properties of Alkenes

Physical Properties

First three members i.e. ethene, propene and butene are gases. C5-C15 members are liquids and higher alkenes are solids. They are insoluble in water and soluble in polar solvents such as alcohol etc.

Chemical Properties

Reaction with Halogens

Alkenes undergo addition reaction with chlorine. One chlorine atom becomes attached with one double bonded carbon and second chlorine add to other double bonded carbon atom.

Similarly, alkenes undergo addition reaction with bromine water.

Bromine is a reddish brown liquid and product is colorless. When bromine water is added to an alkene, the red color disappears. The decolourization of bromine solution is frequently used as simple test for the the presence of unsaturation.

Reaction with KMnO4

When alkene is treated with dilute alkaline aqueous solution of KMnO4 (1%) addition of two hydroxyl group occurs across the double bond. The pink color of KMnO4 solution disappears during chemical reaction.

Ethylene glycol

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