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Self assessment exercise 4.2 1. Describe the formation of cation for the following metal items a lithium atomic number 3 e b aluminium atomic number 13 to represent the formation of cations for the following metal atoms using electron dot structure of Potassium B calcium Example for party describe the formation of anion for the following non metal atoms a oxygen atomic number 8 B chlorine atomic number 9 Solution A formation of energy by oxygen atom oxygen belongs to to group 6 in the periodic table it has 6 electron in its valence shell it requires only two electrons to achieve the noble gas configuration O(1S2,2S2,2P4) + 2e---------->O  (1S2,2S2,2P6) Can also be represented by electron dot structure B. Formation of anion by fluoride atom fluorine atom Is fluorine is present in group seventh pay in the table so it has 7 electron in its valence shell of an atom therefore require only one electron to complete its Update F(1S2,2S2,2P5) + 2e>F(1S2,2S2,2P6) ...