All Students Notes

Aldehydes and Ketones: Short question & answer, mechanism of nucleophilic addition Question: How is formaldehyde prepared industrially? Answer. On industrial scale, formaldehyde is prepared  by passing the mixture of methanol vapors and air over iron  molybdenum oxides or silver as a catalyst. The reaction is carried out at the temperature of 500 ˚C. Question: Describe briefly the nucleophile addition mechanism  to carbonyl compound. Answer. Nucleophilic addition mechanism to carbonyl compound is two types. i. Base catalyzed Nucleophilic addition reaction ii. Acid catalyzed Nucleophilic addition reaction i. Base catalyzed Nucleophilic addition reaction In the base catalyzed Nucleophilic addition reaction, following steps are involved. Step 1: Generation of strong nucleophile. Step 2: Attack of Nucleophile on electrophilic carbon Step 3: Abstraction of proton and regeneration of base ii. Acid catalyzed nucleophilic addition reaction In the acid catalyzed nucleophi...