Hydrocarbons (Alkene Grad 10 Student)

Alkenes

The hydrocarbons which contain one or more double bonds between carbon atoms. or

The hydrocarbons which contain at least one carbon- carbon double bond are called alkenes. They have general formula C2H2n. For example

Ethene, Propene, butene, etc

Question Write the structural formula for

a. 1-Butene b. 2-Butene

Solution

a. 1-Butene

b. 2-Butene

Self Assessment

Question Draw structural formula of the following compounds

a. 1-Pentene b. 2-Pentene

Solution

General Methods of Preparation of Alkenes

Alkenes can be prepared by the following methods

1. By dehydration of Alcohols

Removal of water from alcohols is called dehydration of alcohols. When ethanol is passed over heated alumina, dehydration of ethanol occurs to produce ethene.

Sulphuric acid can also be used as dehydrating agent e.g.

Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and phosporous pentaoxide can also be used as catalyst for dehydration of alcohols.

2. By Dehydrohalogenation of Alkyl halides

Dehydrohalogenation means removal of hydrogen halide. Alkyl halides undergoes Dehydrohalogenation when these are heated with alcoholic potassium hydroxide.

Self Assessment

Complete the following reactions

Solution

Page 1 Page2 Page3 Page 4

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