Lipids: Definition, Examples, Sources and Uses

Definition: A lipidmay be defined as

Any component of plant 🪴 or animal (🐃, 🦌, 🐐) that is soluble in water, but insoluble in solvents of low polarity such as ether, hexane,benzene and carbon tetrasaccharide is known as lipid. For example:

a. Fats and oils

b. Cholesterol 🛢

c. Sex harmones

d. Components of cell membrane called phospholipids

e. Some vitamins (A, D, E and K)

Fats and oils

Fats and oils are known as simple lipids. They are esters of fatty acids (long chain carboxylic acid) with a trihydroxy alcohol, glycerol. Therefore, they are also called glyceryl esters or glycerides. They are building blocks of lipids. For example, stearic acid, C17H35COOH is an acid that occurs in animal fats.

A lipid is called fat if it is solid at room temperature 🌡.

A lipid is called oil if it is liquid at room temperature 🌡.

Sources

Animals, 🐃 🦌, 🐐 plants 🪴, and marine 🐟 🐠 🐋 organism such as salmon and whale 🐋 are rich source of lipids. Cod liver oil is obtained from salmon and whale.

Milk is an importan source of animal fats from which butter, ghee, chees etc are obtained.

Seeds of many plants such as sunflower 🌻, corn 🌽, cotton, ground nuts, coconut 🥥, olive 🫒 are good source of vegetables oils.

Usese

Butter ki and vegetable oils are used for cooking and flying a food prepareing Bakery products and sweets.

In mammals a layer of fat is present under the skin this layer as a thermal insulator.

Fats protect delicate organ from shocks earlier of ADS around our heart and kidney protectors are gone from injury.

Leopards provide some vitamin such as a d and e which are essential for health these vitamin are insoluble and water and soluble in lipids.

Fats and oils are important food store in living organism they provide about twice as much energy per gram as do carbohydrates.

Vegetable oils are converted into vegetable ghee by catalytic hydrogenation.

Fats and oils are also used for manufacture of materials like soaps and determines cosmetics colleges Paints and warishes.

Cholesterol is essential in our bodies for censes of several hormones Vitamin D and bye lesson

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