Isotopes: Definition, comparson and their uses

Isotopes

Definition

Isotopes may be define as "atoms of an element whose nuclei have same atomic number but different mass number are called isotopes.

Isotopes are atoms of an element which differ in number of neutrons as a tops are chemically alike but different in their physical properties.

Comparison

Similarities

I. Isotopes have same number of protons.

2. Isotopes have the same number of electrons.

3. Isotopes have same atomic number

Differences

1. Isotopes have different number of neutrons.

2. Isotopes have different total number of protons and neutrons.or both isotopes have different mass number.

Examples

Isotopes of hydrogen

Hydrogen has three isotopes:

1. Hydrogen-1 (Protium) or H-1

It has one proton and no neutron. Its symbol is H1.

Hydrogen-2 (Duterium) or H-2

It has one proton and one neutron. Its symbol is H2.

Hydrogen-3 (Tritium) or H-3

It has one proton and two neutrons. Its symbol is H3.

Isotopes of carbon

Carbon has three isotopes: carbon-12, carbon-13, carbon-14

i. Chlorine-35 or Cl-35

It has sev protons and eighteen neutrons. Its symbol is Cl

ii. Chlorine-37 or Cl-37

It has six protons and seven neutrons. Its symbol is C.

iii. Carbon-14 or C-14

It has six protons and eight neutrons. Its symbol is C.

Isotopes of Chlorine

Carbon has two isotopes: chlorine-35, chlorine-37

i. Carbon-12 or C-12.

It has six protons and six neutrons. Its symbol is C.

ii. Carbon-13 or C-13

It has six protons and seven neutrons. Its symbol is C.

iii. Carbon-14 or C-14

It has six protons and eight neutrons. Its symbol is C.

Uses of astrobes

Both stable and radioactive isotopes have amny applications in science and medicine. Some of these have been given as follows.

1. Radioactive Iodine-131 is used as a trace of thioroid problems.

2. NH 24 is used to trace the flow of blood and to detect possible contraction or obstruction in the blood circulation system.

3. Iodine-123 is used to image the brain.

4. Cobalt-60 is commonly used to irradiated the cancer cells in order to kill or shrink the tumers.

Carbon5 14 is used to trace the path of carbon and photosynthesis.

Ra radioactive troops are also used to determine the Mercury structures for the Pulser for 35 has been used in determination of structure of thier sulphate

Reactive isotopes are also used to study the mechanism of chemical reaction radioactives isotopes are also used to determine the dates of rocks soils are carriage objects and themes

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