Water as solvent, soft and hard water, types of hardness and methods of removing hardness

Hardness of water ant its removal

The ability of water to dissolve a wide variety of substances is due to its two important properties: Its polarity and ability to form hydrogen bonds. Due to its polar nature it can also dissolve such cations which causes its hardness. Its hardness results in wastes of soap, spoiling of fabrics, blockage of pipes, boiler, radiator and great damage. There are various methods which are used its removal.

Hard water

Water that contain high content of minerals such as Ca2+ and Mg2+ is called hot water. OR

The water that gives little lather are forms scum with soap is called hard water.

Soft water

Water that contain little content of mineral is called hot water. OR

The water that gives more lather and forms little scum with soap is called hard water

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